Building-lumber.



J. L. WOODARD.

BUILDING LUMBBR.

APBLIGATIDN rILnDJAn. 1s, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1` '1914.l

Z SHEETS-SBEET l.

THE NURRIS PETERS COA. PHOTO-linda. wAsHiNG TON. D. C.

J. L. WOODARD.

l BUILDING LUMBEB.

APPLIUATIOIFILED JAH. 18, 1913. 1,11 8,990. Patented Dec. 1, 1914 2SHEETS-SHEET 2.

15 16" (-l I I I l j I l I l 1 l lI L 1 wir NoRRls PETERS co.,PHomLlTHa.. wAsniNa roN. D4 c i JAnnsnwooDAnn, or oAKLANnycALIroRNm.

To allwhomz'tmayeoncernh '.Be it known that I,"JAMES L.WooDARD,

acitlizen of thezUnited States,.residing at Oakland, `in the `county`of` Alameda and Statelof California, `have inventednew and l usefulImprovements in Building-Lumber, of whichthe following isaspecification.

' This invention relates vto masonry buildings,`-an'd has for its `object lto lprovide improved means `and' method for the erection thereof.`l y It isan object to provide a .readymeans for building walls,`partitions and floors, also y roofs, having the advantagesofmonolothicconstruction without requiringthe `use of.

molds, and which will befof a: simple 'char acter` such as will notlnecessitate .skilled artisans for itsfuse. i l v' It isan aim to evolvea buildinglumben which, --without specialframe workfor its support,`imaybe utilizedin conjunction .with

suitable concrete mixtures for the building i of walls, partitions,floors, and the like; v

lty is a particular aim to enable the utiliza` tion `of waste productsin wood mills, although fthey invention is alsol well `adapted toy beformed `terra cottaand other plas- Additional objects and advantageswill be apparent `from lrthey followingY descriptionandgfromthe'drawings,"in which#- l Figure 1 is a sectionalview ofafbuilding constructed in accordance with myV invention, Fig. 2 isaLfragmentarysectional View showing the .anglel at the junction of `twowalls, Figi is al. detail side view ofa piece of my lumber, Figi -L isan end view thereof,

Figf is a side view of a modification,zutiliz-` l ing smallscraps'of'wood, Fig". 6 is a 'frag` mentary side View of a'wallconstructed with i a further modiication of the lumber, partly insection f l i .i There is illustrated a building including thefoundation 10, ron which Va `wall 11 is carried,l iioors 12 and aroof,`131 being supported by 'the wall.` There partition '14 shown. 1 f .i Y.

The foundations are constructed in any suitable manner, and upon thesefor the outerl walls" there are llaid longitudinally the lumberbeams orstringersl which are is also a ,central built up from a numberl ofstrips16 of 11n- BUILDING-Linunnu..` i

Patented bec. dressed lumber the rough splinterysurface of `whichincreases its hold on` concrete. The edges are alternately' indented orady .justed 'to lie inwardly-of the edges of the intervening-boards:orstrips 16,' on each side, andatthe ends, as seen in Figs. 3 `and 4;The boardsA orv strips are Vsuitably:secured together in each Stringer;l The thickness of the stringers from edge to edge of the strips may beproportionate tothe'character of thc wall or-partition to beconstructed.

`For small buildings, the stringers are built upon one another over thewall foundations to form wall cores, being adapted to be cut and'fittedbetween window'frames,

las will be apparent.. A temporary means may be employed to holdthelumber walls `in place until the concrete is applied, which wouldenable the lumber cores to be built to `a more `advanced stagethanotherwise,and

theconcrete'put on over larger areas. How- `ever',fit is'possibleftobuild up a few feet ofthe core and then apply theconcrete', by whichmethod no temporary supports for thelumber are necessary. lPartitionsmay be'` built in thesame mannerjfif "desired, though a series ofpiers`may be utilized fori their supportin place"Tofa'icontinuous foundation.The walls may alsobe `supported in the same manner; `Alliighterfor nar--rower stringere maybe employed for `the partitions than for outer walls."When put#` ting'in floors, they may be of the usual con-f struction if'desired, `theends ofv the joists being rested upon lthe wall cores 'at'the proper height, and the cores builtptherebetween and continuedabove, as described.

Or, my stringersmay be utilized for the conf struction ofa concrete"floor, byextendin'g them kacross the space vbetween' two walls, theirstaggered edges being. presented up# wardly and downwardly. Or the"lumber may be utilized between I beams,.as will be understood withoutillustration. `A roof may be constructed by extending my stringers fromthe ridge to the tops of walls on opposite sides.

The concrete `1s'v applied tothe lumber after it has been put inposition, by means of a trowel, or other customary'methods of likepurposeg: In this way the 4lumber may ber completely incased on allsides, protect i ing it from climatic eects, insects, and lire,

. and when the lumber is used as a roof base,

a concrete roofmayvb'e easily formed. ,The formation of the ends of thestringers allows the ready formationk of eaves Compltly.,

incased in concrete, as willy be understood.

In Fig. 5 there is shown a modification in which the stringers areformed of boards or strips 16 spaced apartby small blocks .18', whichmay be spaced inI staggered relation,

or in alinement transverselyofthe stringer,y

suitably spaced from one edge or side, at least. i lThis enables theutilization of small scrapqblocks and 'requires less wood. The

first described form of lumber also allows that the projections 2O andrecesses 'havek therebetween the same relative 'position'sand be soarranged as to'interlock at their ends, as shown; The projections may beof the dove-tail form on thesides, as hasbeen customary in terracottalumber, and by forming the'end projections and extending the groove 22thus formed through the sidev projections,

the concrete mixture will have ready access to the opposed grooves ofthe interlocked ends, lwhereby they will be forciblysecured together.The coengagement of the blocks will be attained, not by the adhesiontothe blocks vof the cement in the concrete, but by theresistance ofthevconcrete to compressive strain between the opposed faces of theinterloeked portions. On this account-it lmay be found vdesirable toup-end the blocks and let v`the groovesland yrib-like portions extendvertically, or to alternate the arrangement by yhavingfa number ofcourses extend vertically, and then one or two horizontally, whereby the:wall would betied, so to-speak, in a way to form a more rigidstructure. If desired, blocks may `be provided having transverselyextending grooves and ribs on theirupper and lower faces, adapted to inftermesh with those on the ends of the vertically disposed blocks,and-one or more of these may be incorporatedin the horizontal courses,so that a continuous vertical tieseries of blocks may be formed in awall.

o -Itwill of course be understood that if desired the 'projectingportions of the wooden strinfgers before described may be formed in thesal-ne way 'as shown inthe terra cotta form, 'and the stringers madeinfshort units' more or less approximate to blocks;

thei'routerpa'rt to receive` thethi'ckest part ofthe ribs freelytherethrough, where the Y 'blocks may ,be `presented longitudinallytoward each other fGreIigagement, their use being thus vgreatlyfacilitated. l Thek ribs on each side and end are opposed to a 'grooveon 'the opposite side and end, so thatthe` form of the block is likethat of a series of 'superposed rectangular parallelepiped of slightaltitude and wide bases having their centers arranged in staggeredrelation inca common plane vertical to their major medial planes anidatan angle ofgfrtyvefdegrees to their There is indicated atras in .siglasmethod of insuringl ventilationf'within the walls, consisting inperforating the lumber so that the spaces 27,:*will be:intercommunieating and dryness andy warmth of the building vconstruction materially enhanced. v

While in Figs. 3 to 6 of the drawings Stringer'v units are shown to beeachlk constructed of'six layers Vof planking or blocks,

ther Y* a smaller or larger number of layers may be incorporatedl .ineach #Stringer or Aunit, if found desirablex It is believed, however,

that this is the most practical form for hanl vdling and rapid work.r.Thei-stringers,"are

supplied from the factory `in the .form

shown, each stri-nger being adapted to il on'another sothat 'the*staggered relation of the planks in superposedrunits will :be continuous and uniformyand also Aso that one end of the Stringer may beintermeshed with the side of another when both are laid upon a surface"with their tops and bottoms :in alinemen't. 4By Vthisconstructionitwill be observed that projecting edgefportionsyof the'plank are never likely to cmeint opposition, so that they-maybefalw'aysreadily intermeshed. The A"same is true A of the jectionsshown .on the unit inFig. i6. What is claimediis: q 1

pro-

1. As an improved manufacture, 'a building lumber unit for cores forwalls and the f like comprising a plurality of wooden planks securedtogether in fsuperposed par-l allel relation with alternately projectingand inset endand Vside `edge-portions whereby to Epresent holdin-g meansfor concrete, the

projections on one side and-end being'alter-` nated with those on theopposite side and end, whereby they may intermes'h with those of anotherunit when the units are alined.

2. A building lumber nnit for wall cores andy thef'like having aplurality rof `sides adapted to snugly fit similar sides of otherYsimilar unitsnsaid sides each having a plurality of rib-hireprojections, the projections onopp'osite'sides Tand ends beingstaggered,

each y'projection having 'grooved inner sides and being so spacedrelatively I.as `to free engagement of like' projections of othertherebetween, 'the grooves being dis- `In testimony whereof Ihavehereunto fset n i osed so as to aline when the projections are my handin presence of two subscribing wit- 11y intermeshedto `form spacesextending nesses.

medially `between the sections and open at JAMES L. WOODARD. 5 eachsideof the junction, Vfor access of mor-` Witnesses: g Y v tar to becompressed by stresses tending to W.` W.` CHANNELL,

separatethe units. W. lW."Coi11-rr.. i

Clapiers` of this patent maybe obtained `for ve cents each, by addrelsinthe Commissioner of Patents,

` y l y `Wsshington). C. f

